Training Air Conditioner csr wiring - HINDI (Air condenser repair and se...

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Window air conditioner fan motor winding

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High-Pressure Washer- Hindi

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How to Clean and Flush Air Conditioner Hindi

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Rotary Compressors:-

In rotary compressors, the vapour refrigerant from the evaporator is compressed due to the movement of blades. The rotary compressors are positive displacement type compressors. Since the clearance in rotary compressors is negligible, therefore they have high volumetric efficiency. These compressors may be used with refrigerants R-12, R-22, R-114 and ammonia. Following are the two basic types of rotary compressors 

• Single stationary blade type rotary compressor.

A single stationary blade type rotary compressor is shown in Fig. 9.14. It consists of a stationary cylinder, a roller (or impeller) and a shaft. The shaft has an eccentric on which the roller is mounted. A blade is set into the slot of a cylinder in such a manner that it always maintains contacts with the roller by means of a spring. The blade moves in and out of the slot to follow the rotor when it rotates. Since the blade separates the suction and discharge ports as shown in Fig. 9.14, therefore it is often called a sealing blade. When the shaft rotates, the roller also rotates so that it always touches the cylinder wall. Fig. 9.14 (a) to (d ) shows the various positions of roller as the vapour refrigerant is compressed. Fig. 9.14 (a) shows the completion of intake stroke (i.e. the cylinder is full of low pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant) and the beginning of compression stroke. When the roller rotates, the vapour refrigerant ahead of the roller is being compressed and the new intake from the evaporator is drawn into the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 9.14 (b). As the roller turns towards mid position as shown in Fig. 9.14 (c), more vapour refrigerant is drawn into the cylinder while the compressed refrigerant is discharged to the condenser. At the end of compression stroke, as shown in Fig. 9.14 (d), most of the compressed vapour refrigerant is passed through the discharge port to the condenser. A new charge of refrigerant is drawn into the cylinder. This, in turn, is compressed and discharged to the condenser. In this way, the low pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant is compressed gradually to a high pressure and temperature. 

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Hermetic Compressors

When the compressor and motor operate on the same shaft and are enclosed in a common casing, they are known as hermetic sealed compressors. These types of compressors eliminate the use of crankshaft seal which is necessary in ordinary compressors in order to prevent leakage of refrigerant. These compressors may operate on either reciprocating or rotary principle and may be mounted with the shaft in either the vertical or horizontal position. The hermetic units are widely used for small capacity refrigerating systems such as in domestic refrigerators, home freezers and window air conditioners. The hermetic sealed compressors have the following advantages and disadvantages

Advantages

1. The leakage of refrigerant is completely prevented. 
2. It is less noisy. 
3. It requires small space because of compactness. 
4. The lubrication is simple as the motor and compressor operate in a sealed space with the lubricating oil. 

Disadvantages 

1. The maintenance is not easy because the moving parts are inaccessible. 

2. A separate pump is required for evacuation and charging of refrigerant. Crankshaft 

Internal working of a welded hermetic compressor.

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Important Terms

1. Suction pressure.  It is the absolute pressure of refrigerant at the inlet of a compressor. 
2. Discharge pressure.  It is the absolute pressure of refrigerant at the outlet of a compressor. 
3. Compression ratio (or pressure ratio).  It is the ratio of absolute discharge pressure to the absolute suction pressure. Since the absolute discharge pressure is always more than the absolute iuction pressure, therefore, the value of compression ratio is more than unity.

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How to wiring window air condition

How to wiring window air condition compressor , fan motor, to multi capacitor .
we will discuss How to connect PCB board to compressor and fan motor we will discuss
all kinds of the wiring on this video so this video is most helpful for the new students.
so watch this video and to know how to wiring the air condition compressor wiring
fan motor wiring to the multi capacitor and we will discuss how to supply why are relay
to the compressor this video is most helpful for the new  students who want to know how
to work the compressor and wiring so please watching this video and to know how to wiring
the window air conditioner

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Window air condition PCB board wiring

Window air condition PCB board wiring this video is totally helpful for know the component of the PCB board and how the PCB board work we will discuss about the connection of the PCB board like sensor blower motor Sewing water power supply and how to connect the all types the wiring 2 PCB board and how to connect the sensor the blower motor testing motor and excetra so this video is so helpful for new students to know how to connect the PCB board to the compressor supply and motor supply and lower motor supply and excetra so watch this video and to know how to connect the PCB board

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L R A ( Lock Rotor Amps ) HINDI

What is LRA?  We discuss about LRA  this is the most important to know what is the LRA
and how we know the TON of the compressor So LRA is helping to know The compressor
Ton so there is a formula to know the compressor Ton so watch this video and to know how to
know the compressor TON  this video is so helpful for no the value of the compressor is how
much done so we discuss about the LRA So watch this

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Gas charging ,R410A R22 R32 pressures, - HINDI

This video is helping to know  identify the gas in the  air condition unit and what kinds of the pressure
we will maintain to the air condition. We will discuss on this video to R22 gas R410a gas and
R32 gas and etcetera so watch this video and to know the pressure we maintain on the
air condition and how we identify which gas is in the air condition so what this video

R-22

1. Standing pressure              -                150 PSI
2. Saction pressure                -                 60 TO 70 PSI
3. Discharge pressure           -                 250 TO 300

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

R-410A

1. Standing pressure            -                  260 PSI
2. Saction pressure               -                 120 TO 130 PSI
3. Discharge pressure           -                 450 TO 500

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

R-32

1. Standing pressure              -                260 PSI
2. Saction pressure                 -               120 TO 130 PSI

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R-290

1. Standing pressure              -                125  PSI
2. Saction pressure                -                 65 PSIG
3. Discharge pressure           -                 275 TO 300

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

R-417

1. Standing pressure              -                140 PSI
2. Saction pressure                -                 65  PSI
3. Discharge pressure           -                  261 PSI

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Formula for finding the piston displacement of a compressor

Compressor can be calculated as follows:-

Where:-

V = Volume in cubic feet. 

D = Diameter of cylinder in inches. 

S = Length of stroke in inches. 

N = Number of cylinders. 

R = Revolution per minute (R.P.M.) 

The part of the cylinder volume can be calculated by multiplying the cylinder bore

 by the length of stroke. Now, if it is multiplied by number of cylinders and

revolution per minute of the compressor, the piston wsplacernent can be fonrid out. 

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LAWS OF REFRIGERATION

The laws upon which the theory of refrigeration is based and where they find their applications in refrigeration system.

• Heat can be converted into work and work into heat. This law that, "heat can be converted into work" applies in the generator of an absorption refrigerating machine and, "work can be converted into heat" finds its application in the compressor of a mechanical refrigeration system. 
•  If pressure of a gas be raised and temperature lowered, it will change into its liquid state. This law applies in the condenser of a mechanical refrigeration system. 
•  Under reduced pressure the liquid changes into its vapour state quickly by taking the latent heat from the adjoinings. This law takes place in the evaporator of a refrigeration system. 
•  Heat generally flows from a body from higher temperature to lower temperature. law applies when the term refrigeration is used. The heat flows towards the 'diem from the substance is to be cooled. 

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Float valve function

 The liquid level falls below the normal level in the float housing, the float ball comes down pulls the needle from its seat and allows the liquid refrigerant to enter into the float housing and evaporator. As soon as the liquid level rises, it carries the float ball to the proper height which helps the needle to go back to its seat and prevents further entry of liquid. 

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CONDENSER

• Condenser is a part in mechanical refrigeration system which condenses the gas above its critical pressure and below its critical temperature.
• To receive compressed vapours from the compressor and to liquefy them by removing their heat. 
•  It receives vapours above their critical pressure and above critical temperature from compressor and brings down the temperature below their critical temperature by transferring heat to air or water. In this way it condenses the gas.

Types of a condenser ?

• Air cooled condensers. 
• Water cooled condensers. 
• Evaporative type condensers. 

AIR COOLED CONDENSERS 

Air cooled condenser :- It is that condenser which is cooled by natural air or fan located on the motor or built into the compressor fly wheel. It is very common in domestic units or where cooling water is not available. 

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Rotary Compressor main parts

• Main body.

• Eccentric shaft

• Suction service valve.

• Discharge valve plate 

• Discharge service valve.

• Discharge valve

• Cylinder or pump chamber

• Dividing blade 

• Roller.

• Check valve 

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Types of a Compressor

• Centrifugal compressor.

• Reciprocating compressor.

• Rotary screw compressor.

• Scroll or spiral compressor. 

• Wobble or Swash plate compressor.

• Rotary Compressor.

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Lock Rotor Amps

L R A ( Lock Rotor Amps )

If L R A Mansion in your compressor. How we know the ton of the  compressor:-

ANS:- It's Simple put a formula which mention here LRA  divide by 36.

Suppose  LRA is 58

So what we do ? Simple 58 divide 36

in this case 58 divide by 36 answer is 1.6 / So our compressor is 1.5 ton.  

That is the easy method to know the Ton of  compressor

This formula is used only for single phase compressor

exmp:-

LRA is 58 ÷ 36 Ans = 1.61111111111

So our compressor is 1.5 Ton

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Tube cutter

Always hold the open end of the tube down when reaming or filing, so that metal chips may not go in side the tube. 

• Do not cut flat and pinched surfaces of tube with a tube cutter.
• Do not apply too much pressure at a time while cutting, otherwise it will pinch the tube

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Voltage type relay work ?

S.No	Amperage type Relay	Voltage type Relay
1.	It is used with split phase hermetic motors.	It is used with capacitor start capacitor run hermetic motors.
2.	It is used to disconnect the starting winding of the motor when it reaches at 75% of its rated speed.	It is used to disconnect the starting capacitor from the circuit when the motor reaches at 75% of its rated speed.
3.	Its coil is made up of few turns of large wire.	Its coil is made up of many turns of small wire.
4.	Its coil is connected in series with the running winding.	Its coil is connected in parallel with the starting winding.
5.	Its working depends upon quantity of current flow through the running winding during starting and running time of the motor.	It operates due to the extra voltage provided by the capacitors in nthe series circuit of starting winding.
6.	Its contact points remain off when the motor is at rest.	Its contact points remain "ON" when the motor is at rest.
7.	It is used with fractional H.P. motors.	It is used with 1 to 2 H.P. motors.

 winding produces high current flow through the relay coil and causes the plunger to 

attract and open the starting contacts. 

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Types of a relay

Three types of relay :- 

1. Current coil or amperage type relay
2. Potential or voltage type relay.
3. Hot wire relay.

         Relay ?       

 It is an electrical operated switch used to disconnect the starting winding or starting capacitor from the circuit, when the hermetic motor reaches at 75% of its rated speel

Amperage type relay ?

Relay whose working depends upon the number of amperes of current flow through the running winding during starting and running time of the motor.

 Purpose an amperage type relay is used with hermetic motor? 

used to disconnect the starting winding from the circuit when the motor comes at 75% of its rated speed.

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How to Identify Common / Start / Run on the t Compressor Terminal

in 3 easy steps

use the formula: -

1. common and start is equal to medium value

2. start and running is equal to high value

3. run and common is equal to low value

This is the formula which we have put on to identify the common start and run

to more information watch the video to how to identify the common start run.

this video will be help you to how identify your common start run on the compressor

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RETROFITTING OF R 22 MACHINE WITH R427 A

For retrofitting of R 22 machine with R 427 A proceed as under : 1. Start the machine charged with R 22 and note its temperatures and pressures. See the defect if any and repair it. 2. Draw out the R22 refrigerant from the machine and collect it into an evaucated cylinder, weigh it and send it to the dealing company for recycling it.- 3. Draw out the complete compressor oil from the machine and measure it. 4. Charge the new oil in the compressor equal to old oil.

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R427 A

This refrigerant has been prepared by mxing R32 +R125 + R143a + R134a in their mass percentages of 15 + 25 + 10 + 50 respectively. It belongs to HFC group of refrigerants. Its ODP is zero and GWP is 2000. It is neither toxic nor flammable. Therefore it comes under the safety class of Al. Its boiling point at atmospheric pressure is —42.7°C. It is mixable with polyolester oils. Therefore, after drawing out mineral or alkybenzene oil from the compressor, new polyolester (POE) oil should be charged. Mineral oil can also be used with R427A machine if an oil separator may be fitted with this machine. This refrigerant can be replaced in R22 refrigerant machine without making any special change.

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R410 A

This refrigerant has been prepared by mixing R32 + R125 in equal quantity. It belongs to HFC group of refrigerants. Its ODP is zero and GWP is 1800. It is neither toxic nor flammable. Therefore it comes under the safety class of Al. Its boiling point at atmospheric pressure is —52.7°C. It is mixable with polyolester (POE) oil. As it catches the moisture rapidly from the air, therefore it may be noticed that it may not come in contact with air while charging it into the machine. This refrigerant was prepared for the replacement of R22 gas but due to its less cooling capacity and extremely high working pressures, it could not be successful. Therefore it has been used only in those machines which specially have been designed for this refrigerant.

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Mechanical refrigeration system

 In mechanical refrigeration system, the vapours caused by a sudden change of liquid in metering device without gaining any heat is known as flash gas. Before entering the liquid into the evaporator, the formation of flash gas at the metering device is not useful at all. Because this flash gas does not gain any heat in the evaporator. Therefore, for avoiding flash gas in the liquid line, the vapours are condensed in the condenser below their condensing point by circulating more quantity of cold water than required or by using heat exchanger. Such type of liquid below its condensing point is called sub-cooled liquid. This sub-cooled liquid contains more heat gaining ability below its boiling point which helps in avoiding the flash gas. A few degrees of temperature of sub-cooled liquid• rise at the metering device, but this liquid does not take the form of flash gas. In this way flash gas is avoided by sub-cooling the liquid and good net refrigerating effect is obtained. In addition to it, for avoiding flash gas another method is adopted in which the formation of flash gas in the metering device is collected just after the metering device in a flash chamber. This flash gas is directly returned to the suction line through a bypass line without sending it to the evaporator.

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FLOAT VALVE CONTROLS

The float valve controls are of two types. One is low side float control and the other is high side float. This type of control is used in the flooded type of refrigeration system, while' the refrigerant control devices described upto so far, generally used in dry type of refrigeration system. Before studying these two types of control devices, it is necessary to know that what is dry and what is flooded system. The dry system evaporator will operate with, from 25% to 50% of its interior filled with the liquid refrigerant. The evaporator on a flooded system will operate with roughly 75% or more of its interior filled with liquid refrigerant. The float valves derive their names from the location of the float valve mechanism. If the float valve is located in the low side of the system, it is called low side float valve and if it is in high side of the system, it is called high side float valve. 

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CAPILLARY TUBE

It is very small diameter tube made of copper readily available in various sizes i.e. from .026" to .064" inner dia. The tube is very carefully manufactured that it may be able to provide a regular flow of liquid refrigerant to the evaporator. Because the capillary tube has no moving part, therefore it has several advantages. First, there is no part to wear or stick, second, the pressure balance in the system when the system stops, this condition places a minimum starting load. Fitting : Out of the two ends of the tube each is connected to the filter at the outlet of condenser and to the evaporator while rest of the tube is usually soldered to the suction line for providing the necessary heat exchange. Any femaining length of tube is coiled near the evaporator.

The diameter and the length of the tube depends upon the size of the unit to be served and refrigerant used etc.

Capillary tube soldered with suction line for the purpose of making heat exchanger. Working : The capillary tube acts as a restrictor in the flow of liquid refrigerant and due to its length and small diameter offers sufficient frictional resistance to the flow of refrigerant. It creates pressure difference in the system and holds back the refrigerant to build up high pressure in the condenser and enabling it to condense during operation of the compressor. At the same time permitting the refrigerant to flow slowly into evaporator.

Application : Due to its simple construction and less cost, it is frequently used in modern domestic refrigerators, air-conditioners and water coolers equipped with sealed units. 

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THE CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONING PLANT

 air conditioning machine whose complete water cooled condensing unit :-.eluding evaporator is located in the basement and the conditioned air is forced by a blower into the various rooms through ducts. In winter for heating electrical heating strips are used in front of blower.
The blower throws air through these heating strips and heats the rooms.
In another indirect air conditioning system water is chilled in a chiller by a water cooled condensing unit fitted in a room. This chilled water is circulated through many
pipe coils fitted in various rooms.
The air is forced through these chilled water pipe coils into the rooms to be cooled.

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Split Air Conditioner Selection of place for installation

                                                                  Outdoor unit                                                                     

Split Air Conditioner Selection of place for installation 

1.  It can be installed out side of the room to be air conditioned on its out side wall, floor or its roof. 
2. It should be installed on such a place where it can find sufficient open air from all of its           surroundings. 
3.  It is better to install under a roof where it can be saved from the direct rays of sun and showers of rain. 
4.  It should be installed on a solid plain floor.
5.  It should be installed away from a common path. 
6. It should be installed at a minimum distance from the room to be air conditioned to minimize the use of pipe lines and quantity of refrigerant. 
7. It should be installed on some height so that rain water may pass without harming it

        How to Install Split Air Conditioner - Hindi      

                                                                      In Door Unit                                                                   

1.  It should be installed on a plain solid wall of an enclosed room to be air-conditioned.
2. It should be installed near the outdoor unit, electrical connection and a place where its water can be drained out. 
3.  It should be installed on a place in the wall where it can get or throw the air without any restriction.
4.  It should be installed on the wall with a minimum distance of 300 mm from the ceiling and 125 mm from the left and right side walls.
5.  It should be installed on the height of about 2.5 meters from the floor.
6. The length of its suction line, liquid line and electric cable can be from 5 meters to 20 meters.
7. Its height from the outdoor unit can be 2.5 meters- to 8 meters. 

          InstallatiOn Proceed as follow for the installation of Split Air Conidtioner.                  

•  Remove the air filter and grill from the indoor unit.
•  Place the installation plate of the indoor unit on the wall at proper place and mark the hole location of 6.5 mm di a for passing the liquid and suction line through it.
•  Make the hole in the wall at the marked place with drill machine. 
• Fix the installation plate of the indoor unit with screws, preferably with anchor bolts. 
• Fix the evaporator on the installation plate.
•  Connect the stabilizer with the wall socket near by.
• Connect the indoor unit with stabilizer. 
•  Fit the air filter and grill with indoor unit. 
•  Place and fit the outdoor unit as shown in the figure.
•  Measure and cut the length of liquid line, suction line and drain pipe. 
• Make proper fitting of above said pipes and connect them properly at their proper places.
• The out door unit is loaded with sufficient refrigerant to be charged. Purge this gas through indoor unit or draw vacuum in the indoor unit with vacuum pump before purging and after it, purge a little amount of gas and maintain a little pressuie in the indoor unit. 
•  Check the gas leakage in the machine and repair the leak if any. 
•  Release the full gas from the outdoor unit in the entire air conditioning system. 
• Operate the machine and check its back pressure. 

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Refrigeration system?

                                                                     GAS FILTER                                                                      

Gas filters are generally made of very fine wire gauze surrounded by a metallic body. These are found in various designs and used in different parts of the refrigeration system, such as in the liquid line, suction port of the compressor, and inlet of an expansion valve. 

The function of the filter is only to purify the refrigerant and checking the carbon particles to flow in the system. Such type of filters are also known as strainers. 

  How to refill air-condition refrigerant R22 -Hindi  

                                                         DRIER OR DEHYDRATOR                                                       

Dehydrator is used for removing the moisture from the refrigeration system. Usually dehydrator consists of a cylinderical shell charged with some moisture absorbing chemical and connected in the liquid line. The chemical used may be calcium oxide, calcium chloride, silica gel, activated alumina, drierite (calcium sulphate), bead silica gel, and other dehydrating mediums. A dehydrator charged with a dehydrating medium should not be opened in the atmosphere. 

 In construction, it is made of brass or steel in the shape of a cylindrical shell. The shell has a strainer charged with a dehydrating medium. The suitable connectors are made at the two ends of the shell for flare fittings. These are generally located in the liquid line just after the condenser or receiver in the direction as shown by an arrow. Its size depends upon the size of the unit with which it is to be used. Manufacturers themselves specify the capacity of a dehydrator. 

There are two types of dehydrators :—(a) Sealed type, (b) Refillable type. 

(a) Sealed type, (b) Refillable type. 

Q. What is a drier ?

Ans. A device designed to remove moisture from the refrigeration system is called drier. 

Q. For what purpose a drier is used ?

Ans. 

1. It checks the carbon particles to flow further in the system. 
2. It removes moisture from the refrigerating machine. 
          

                                         THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION VALVE                                                 

The thermostatic expansion valve differs from the automatic expansion valve that the action of automatic expansion valve is controlled by increase or decrease of pressure in the low side of the system while the working of the thermostatic extansion valve depends upon the decrease or increase of temperature of the suction line.

 Construction : It has a brass body with two passages for the inlet and outlet of the liquid refrigerant. The orifice or the seat of the expansion valve is covered by a needle installed in it. The needle is connected to flexible metal bellows by a rod. In addition to it, it has a thermostatic element charged with a volatile substance (usually the same refrigerant which is used in the refrigerating machine, with which the valve is fitted). In other words it is similar to automatic expansion valve except that it has a thermostatic element, that is a bellow, capillary tube and a thermal bulb charged with some volatile liquid. 

Installation : The valve is installed in the liquid line just before the evaporator in the direction of arrow on it. The bellow may be fitted in any position but the thermal bulb must be fitted tightly with the suction line where it leaves the evaporator.  

A Thermostatic Expansion Valve 

 Its working depends upon the difference of temperature of suction line. Thus a rise in evaporator temperature will increase the temperature of the suction line and the thermal bulb of the expansion valve. The higher temperature produces higher . pressure within the bulb, capillary and bellow which causes the metal bellows to expand and force the needle to be away from its seat. Thus it permits more liquid to enter into the evaporator to take care of the increased heat load. Then a fall of evaporator temperature will decrease the temperature of the suction line and thermal bulb. This reduces the pressure of the gas inside the bulb, which causes the bellow to contract-Thus the needle comes closer to its seat or orifice and admits less refrigerant to evaporator. 

 Interior view of a thermostatic expansion valve 

 Adjustment : All the valves are factory. adjusted for a suitable pressure. So, there is no need of altering the adjustment. In the case, when the amount of refrigerant injected 

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Ton AC sufficient foot room

• 1 Ton AC  for 100 sq. foot room
• 1 Ton AC sufficient for 100 sq. To 120 sq. foot room
• 1.5 Ton AC sufficient 150 sq.foot
• 1.5 Ton AC sufficient for  150 sq. To 170 sq. foot room
• 2 Ton AC 200 sq. foot room
• 2 Ton AC sufficient fora 200 sq. To 240 sq. foot room

1 ton=12000 BTUBTU= British Thermal Unit.

• This is equal to 12000 BTU (British Thermal Unit) per hour

BTU/hr to tons conversion calculator

Now, AC of 1 ton means that in 24 hours this AC can remove the heat required to melt a block of ice of weight 1 ton, which is mathematically expressed as 288000 BTU i.e. 12000 BTU/hour.

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